Format: Presentations and panel discussion

As of 2026, decarbonisation has evolved from a voluntary goal into a core legal mandate for Kazakhstan's mining and metals industry. The government’s bifurcated strategy pairs a $7.6$ GW coal expansion with mandatory "zero-emission" combustion standards. By automating the "polluter pays" principle through real-time data streaming and toughening tax and environmental penalties, the state has made transparency the new baseline. Meanwhile, the strategic focus on repurposing industrial waste marks a shift toward a resource-efficient, low-carbon circular economy.